Consumer protection guide · ND
North Dakota Lemon Law
Under North Dakota's lemon law, a new vehicle qualifies as a lemon after 4 unsuccessful repair attempts or 30 cumulative business days out of service, entitling the buyer to a refund or a replacement vehicle.
North Dakota Lemon Law
StatuteN.D. Cent. Code § 51-07-16 et seq.· Enacted 1987
Last reviewed
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12 mo
Coverage period
or 12,000 miles
4
Repair attempts
30 days
Days out of service
Business days, cumulative for warranty work
—
Statute of limitations
6 months after the earlier of warranty expiry or 18 months from delivery
If you bought or leased a new vehicle in North Dakota that keeps going back to the dealer for the same unresolved defect, you may be protected under North Dakota Lemon Law (enacted 1987), codified at N.D. Cent. Code § 51-07-16 et seq. This guide explains — in plain English — how the law works, what qualifies a vehicle as a lemon in North Dakota, what remedies you can demand from the manufacturer, and how to file a claim. It is not legal advice; when a real dispute emerges you should consult a licensed North Dakota consumer attorney.
What the North Dakota lemon law covers
Qualifying criteria
The law covers new vehicles and leased vehicles. The defect must appear within the first 12 months of original delivery or before the odometer reaches 12,000 miles, whichever comes first. The manufacturer or its authorized dealer must have had at least 4 opportunities to fix the same defect. OR the vehicle must have been out of service for at least 30 cumulative business days for warranty repairs during the coverage period.
Your remedies
If your vehicle qualifies, the North Dakota lemon law requires the manufacturer to provide a refund or a replacement vehicle. The statute (N.D. Cent. Code § 51-07-16 et seq.) decides who chooses between them, what a refund must include — often the purchase price plus taxes and fees — and how much the manufacturer may deduct for your use of the vehicle. A replacement must be comparable to the vehicle it replaces. If you win, North Dakota law can also make the manufacturer pay your reasonable attorney's fees, which is why many lemon-law attorneys take these cases without an upfront fee.
How to file a North Dakota lemon law claim
Here is how a typical North Dakota lemon-law claim unfolds: (1) Keep every repair order the dealer gives you — dates, mileage, the defect description, and the parts replaced. These become your evidence. (2) Send the manufacturer written notice of the defect after the third or fourth repair attempt and request a final repair opportunity. (3) If the manufacturer offers a certified dispute-resolution program, check N.D. Cent. Code § 51-07-16 et seq. and your warranty booklet before skipping it — some lemon laws require you to use one before you can sue. (4) Watch the filing deadline: 6 months after the earlier of warranty expiry or 18 months from delivery. Check N.D. Cent. Code § 51-07-16 et seq. for the exact rule and confirm it with a North Dakota lemon-law attorney early.
Federal backup: Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act
Whether or not your claim fits the North Dakota lemon law, the federal Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) provides an independent cause of action whenever a written warranty has been breached. Magnuson-Moss applies in every state, allows you to recover attorney’s fees and costs from the manufacturer when you prevail, and covers used vehicles sold with an express written warranty — filling many of the gaps that narrow state lemon laws leave open.
North Dakota lemon law FAQs
Lemon laws in other states
Check a North Dakota VIN for a lemon-law buyback before you buy
Many states require a manufacturer buyback to be branded on the title (California’s “Lemon Law Buyback” brand, for example), but not all do — some only require a written disclosure to the next buyer. A full vehicle history report shows title brands where they were reported; the free VIN check does not.